Unresolved Psychological Problem in Dennis Lehane’s Shutter Island
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This article explains hallucination as a psychological problem undergone by Andrew Laeddis, the main character of Dennis Lehane’s Shutter Island. Viewed from Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytical theory (id, ego, and superego), self-defense mechanism theory by Anna Freud, and hallucination theory, this article shows how the main character faces the hallucination and how his efforts fail. The results of the study reveal that Andrew Laeddis faces three types of hallucination: visual hallucination, auditory hallucination, and temporal illusion. Andrew Laeddis also applies two self-defense mechanisms: denial of reality and regression. Since the id is more dominant than the ego, the doctors do not succeed in curing him of the hallucination. In other words, Andrew Laeddis experiences an unresolved psychological problem; which is hallucination.
Downloads
Metrics
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Belkin, M., Hsu, D., Ma, S., & Mandal, S. (2019). Reconciling Modern Machine-Learning Practice and the Classical Bias–Variance Trade-Off. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(32), 15849–15854. https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.1903070116/SUPPL_FILE/PNAS.1903070116.SAPP.PDF DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1903070116
Boeree, C. G. (2006). Personality Theories. Webspace.Ship.Edu. http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/perscontents.html
Cherry, K. (2022, November 1). 20 Common Defense Mechanisms and How They Work. Verywellmind.Com; Guilford Publications. https://doi.org/10.1521/PDPS.2015.43.4.523 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1521/pdps.2015.43.4.523
Davidoff, L. L. (1981). Introduction to Psychology (2nd ed.). McGraw Hill International.
Freud, S. (1920). Beyond the Pleasure Principle. Hogarth Press and Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
Freud, S. (1937). The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense. Hogarth Press and Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
Ivy, J. (2022, June 20). 10 Types of Hallucinations . Owlcation.Com. https://owlcation.com/social-sciences/10-Types-of-Hallucinations
Mandal, P., & Jain, R. (2019). Comparison of Open Stack Orchestration Procedures. International Conference on Smart Applications, Communications and Networking (SmartNets), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartNets48225.2019.9069772 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartNets48225.2019.9069772
Purse, M. (2022, September 10). What Are Hallucinations? Verywellmind.Com.
Sabouri, H., & Sadeghzadegan, M. M. (2013). Distress and Psychological Distortions in Dennis Lehane’s “Shutter Island” (2nd ed., Vol. 3). Academy Publication Co., LTD. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.3.2.376-383
Tyson, L. (2006). Critical Theory Today (2nd Edition). Routledge.
Yolanda, T. T., & Handayani, R. (2019). Deep Grief and Recovery in Anne Enright’s The Gathering. Vivid Journal of Language and Literature, 6(2), 90–97. https://doi.org/10.25077/vj.6.2.90-101.2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25077/vj.6.2.90-101.2017